Optimization of Renewable Energy Systems under Carbon Neutrality

With the increased severity of climate change, theres increased urgency for the globe to achieve carbon neutrality. Thus, optimizing the current energy system, which accounts for nearly two-thirds of total emission, has become essential. This study aimed to address this issue through a case study of the renewable energy development in China, analyzes the challenges behind current advancement in energy system, and proposes potential solution. Despite China as a global leader in renewable energy development, significant challenges remain, including high operation cost and low energy efficiency, which limit the transition to carbon-free energy system. The uncertainty in governmental policy and the predicted impact of climate change further elaborate the problem. In response to these challenges, several energy system models have been proposed, including the Dual Residual Electricity Treatment System (DREST) for improving energy storage, the Improved Integrated Energy System (IIES) for integration between different energy source, and the Stepped Carbon Penalty Response (SCPR) for adaptive response to governmental policy. The findings of the research can be used to cope with the current problems of renewable energy development and promote worldwide efforts towards carbon neutrality.