Development and Application of STEAM Integrated Teaching Materials Using Night Safety Equipment Making in High School Science Classes

The purpose of this study was to develop the science-focused STEAM integrated teaching materials on the theme of making night safety products for use in high school science classes, and to apply them in practice in order to analyze their effects on learners. The materials were developed based on the PDIE model, which is widely used for STEAM lesson design, following four stages: preparation, development, implementation, and evaluation. In the preparation stage, the scientific topic was set as reflection of light, and the lesson theme was determined as making night safety products using the concept of retroreflection. During the development stage, a four-session lesson plan was created, including a teaching guide, multimedia resources, and student activity sheets. In the implementation stage, the lessons were applied to first-year pre-service teachers at a university. In the evaluation stage, a survey was conducted immediately after the lessons to assess learning effects and student responses. The results showed that the overall satisfaction score was 4.3 out of 5, and the affective domain score was 4.2 out of 5, indicating generally high levels of satisfaction with the program. These findings suggest that the activity of making night safety products is effective not only for learning scientific concepts but also for enhancing integrative thinking and affective achievement.