Determination of Tem-1 Gene in Multidrug Resistance Salmonella Species Isolated from Diarrheogenic Patients Attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano (AKTH)

Salmonella is one microorganism in which resistant serotypes have emerged because of the widespread use of antibiotics. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of TEM 1 gene in multidrug resistance salmonella species isolated from diarrheogenic patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano. Standard microbiological techniques were employed for isolation and identification of Salmonella. Disc diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Molecular techniques was used for detection of TEM 1 resistant gene in multidrug resistant isolates. The result showed 22 out of 170 samples were positive for Salmonella spp which accounted for 12.9%. Higher incidence of Salmonella was found among subjects of age between 21 – 30 years. Salmonella spp were highly resistant to ampicillin (86.4%), streptomycin and gentamicin (77.3%) each, chloramphenicol (72.7%) and augmentin (61.2%). Less resistant was recorded by ciprofloxacin (27.3%), tetracycline and erythromycin 36.4% each. Based on the activity of the antibiotics, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and erythromycin were the most effective antibiotics while ampicillin, streptomycin and gentamicin were less effective. From the result, 8 (36.4%) isolates were resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics tested while 14 (63.6%) of the isolates were resistant to less than three antibiotics. The gel electrophoresis results for the PCR products obtained for detection of TEM-1 gene for each of the 8 Salmonella isolates showed 6 (75%) out of the 8 multidrug resistant showed presence of TEM-1 gene at 296bp. It is concluded that TEM-1 gene was one of the gene responsible drug resistant in Salmonella.