This article focuses on evaluating selected roughness parameters on samples created by material extrusion, specifically FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication). The experiment was divided into two separate phases. The first phase of the experiment involved creating a four-level model A from PLA (poly (lactic acid)) material without any additives. The variable parameter was the height of the printed layer, where each level was printed at a different print height. Subsequently, the sandblasting method was applied to the samples using a selected abrasive. The roughness parameters were evaluated using a Mitutoyo Surftest SJ-400 roughness tester. Based on the results of the roughness parameters of model A, model B was prepared, using a constant print height. Each level of model B was made with different metallic additives based on PLA material. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of mechanical post-processing in achieving the desired surface characteristics of additively manufactured components. The experiment confirms the suitability of sanding and grinding to improve surface quality at different layer heights and for PLA-based materials with metal additives. In addition, grinding and sanding of PLA-based composites filled with metal particles can create a realistic metallic appearance comparable to conventionally manufactured metals.
Kočiško et al. (2025) studied this question.