Spectrocolorimetric Assessment of the Degree of Gingival Inflammation in Patients With Periimplantitis During Therapeutic and Preventive Measures

Peri-implantitis is a leading cause of dental implant failure, necessitating timely, non-invasive monitoring of inflammatory progression. Spectrocolorimetry, utilizing the Schiller-Pisarev test, provides a quantitative method for assessing gingival epithelium status in vivo; however, clinical data on its application for monitoring treatment dynamics remain limited. Aim of the study – to evaluate the efficacy of a combined therapeutic and preventive regimen in patients with peri-implantitis using spectrocolorimetric assessment of gingival inflammation. Material and methods. A prospective study enrolled 67 patients aged 25–55 years. The control group (n = 28) received standard therapy, the intervention group (n = 39) received standard therapy supplemented with a complex of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteotropic agents, administered as a repeated course after six months. Gingival inflammation was quantified using the “Pulsar” spectrocolorimeter at wavelengths of 460 nm and 660 nm at baseline, six months, and one year. All participants provided informed consent. The study adhered to the principles of the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Bioethics Commission of the SE “ISMFS NAMS” (Protocol No. 1011, 14 April 2022). Statistically significant differences between normally distributed quantitative variables were assessed using Student's t-test, with significance set at p < 0.01. This work is part of the research project “Correction of osteogenesis impairments in the management and prevention of dental disease complications in wartime” (State Registration No. 0123U103247). Results. After six months, the intervention group demonstrated an increase in the light reflection coefficient to 71% at 460 nm and 79% at 660 nm, compared to 59% and 74%, respectively, in the control group. After one year, these values reached 80% and 85% in the intervention group, nearly doubling from baseline and significantly exceeding outcomes with standard therapy alone. These findings indicate long-term preservation of epithelial barrier integrity and regression of chronic inflammation only following the multicomponent regimen. Conclusion. Spectrocolorimetry is a highly sensitive method for monitoring treatment efficacy in peri-implantitis. Adjunct use of the developed therapeutic and preventive complex with standard therapy significantly improves soft tissue regeneration and sustains an anti-inflammatory effect over one year.