Analysis identifies global stability and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation in a phytoplankton-zooplankton model, suggesting complexity in predator-prey dynamics.
In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a discrete-time phytoplankton-zooplankton model where the predator functional response and toxin distribution functions follow both Holling Type II and Holling Type III forms simultaneously. We analyze the types of fixed points and the global stability of the system. Additionally, we prove the occurrence of a Neimark-Sacker bifurcation at the positive fixed point. The theoretical findings are validated through numerical simulations
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S. K. Shoyimardonov (2025) studied this question.
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