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This work extends first order optimality conditions to second order systems, implying new insights into control problems.
It has been shown recently that optimal control problems with the dynamical constraint given by a second order system admit a regular Lagrangian formulation. This implies that the optimality conditions can be obtained in a new form based on the variational approach. In this paper we extend the first order necessary optimality conditions obtained previously to second order optimality conditions. This results in a complete characterization of the optimality conditions in a new Lagrangian form.
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Konopik et al. (2025) studied this question.
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