Policy, Access, and Awareness: The Public Health Triad Against Breast Cancer

Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy among women and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite significant advances in diagnosis and treatment, stark disparities persist in incidence, stage at presentation, and survival outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This narrative review highlights the "public health triad" of policy, access, and awareness as a comprehensive framework for addressing these inequities. Evidence-based policies lay the foundation for standardized cancer control strategies, equitable access ensures that diagnostic and treatment services are available and affordable, and awareness initiatives empower individuals and communities to engage in prevention and early detection. The interplay of these three elements is critical for improving breast cancer outcomes and reducing the global burden. Strengthening this triad through collaborative, culturally sensitive, and sustainable approaches can bridge gaps in care and advance health equity in breast cancer control.