P53 Mutation Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Associated with Stem Cell Properties and Tumorigenesis in Fallopian Tube Cells

Background/Objectives: Type II ovarian cancer, including high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), is genetically unstable and exhibits frequent mutations in the tumor suppressor genes. Mutations of TP53 and BRCA1 genes have been associated with HGSC, which has been suggested as a subtype that arises from the fallopian tube lesion called serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). Although TP53 and BRCA1 genes are well-known tumor suppressor genes, the actual effects of TP53 and BRCA1 mutations in enhancing the development of ovarian cancer initiated from STIC are poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we knocked out Trp53 and Brca-1 in epithelial cell clones derived from mice fallopian tube tissues (known as oviducts) and investigated the potential involvement of these two mutations in inducing cancer stem-like cells as cancer-initiating cells. Results: We have shown that the knockout of Trp53 induced oviduct cells to undergo EMT and acquire stem cell characteristics. Conclusions: Trp53 mutation may induce the early stage of precursor lesions formation at the distal end of the oviducts.