Comparación entre el método de hemaglutinación indirecta y ELISA para la detección de anticuerpos IgG contra Toxoplasma gondii

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is an infection that can have serious consequences, especially in pregnant women. Objetives: Compare the indirect hemagglutination method (HAI) and ELISA for the detection of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, evaluating their sensitivity, specificity, and concordance. Methods: A total of 84 sera from patients with suspected toxoplasmosis were analyzed. All sera were tested using the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) and ELISA as a reference test. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA as well as the concordance between the two diagnostic methods were determined. On the other hand, Pearson’s Chi-square test was applied, considering a p-value below 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: The IHA method yielded 76.2% positive and 23,8 % negative results. whereas, the ELISA method showed 77,4 % positive and 22,6 % negative results. A strong agreement and a statistically significant correlation (p=0.001) were observed between both methods. The IHA method demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.56% and a specificity of 100.00%. Conclusions: The comparison between the indirect hemagglutination (HAI) method and ELISA for the detection of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii indicates that both methods exhibit similar effectiveness in identifying positive and negative cases. Despite differences in the procedures, both methods are valid and reliable tools for the serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.