Modern Higher Education: Experience of Turkmenistan

The subject of the research is national education systems. Nowadays, they are considered one of the key factors of sustainable socio-economic growth. All states pay special attention to the development of this area. Modern education is actively integrated with other sectors of the economy and reflects a comprehensive approach to the modernization of all spheres of the national economy. The object of the research is institutions of higher and professional education, which, in the context of global challenges with a simultaneous dynamic transformation of scientific and technological reality, put internationalization at the forefront, coupled with the development of academic cooperation with foreign educational institutions. Particular attention is paid to this trend, which is fully consistent with modern global trends. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as academic cooperation and academic mobility, universal competencies, as well as scientific research of universities. The research method used was the analysis of the strategies of internationalization of universities used today. This analysis was carried out using the method of theoretical review, based on the systemic and institutional approaches to the development of universities. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the internationalization of entrepreneurial universities in the context of global competition and transformation of higher education, with an emphasis on the conditions of Turkmenistan. For the first time, the need to adapt international approaches to national realities is substantiated, competitiveness factors and the role of the state in supporting educational institutions are considered. The study demonstrates the strategic importance of a systemic approach to the development and implementation of innovative mechanisms for internationalization, including an assessment of its effectiveness. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the institutional development of universities, investments in scientific infrastructure and positioning in the global academic space. The conclusions of this study lie in the substantiation of a systemic approach to assessing the internationalization of universities based on international indicators, as well as in identifying the specifics of the formation of an open educational environment in the context of the modernization of the higher education system of Turkmenistan.