Use of exoskeletons by firefighters in performing heavy-duty tasks

Purpose. Currently, exoskeletons - specialized technical devices designed primarily to minimize occupational injuries while enhancing workers’ performance during cyclic actions - are being utilized across various sectors of the national economy. Exoskeletons can be employed to distribute physical load across the human body, relieving stress on the back, arms, and cervical spine during work with heavy tools, cargo handling operations, and in military, medical, space, and many other fields of activity. The purpose of this study is to practically investigate the potential application of passive exoskeletons by firefighters during fire suppression and emergency rescue operations. The main research objectives include: assessing the usability of exoskeletons, evaluating the ability to perform various tasks while wearing them, and preparing recommendations for the manufacturer based on test results. Methods. To obtain results, general scientific and specialized methods of scientific cognition were employed including analysis, synthesis, and empirical data evaluation as well as experimental and analytical methods. Findings. Experimental testing revealed the feasibility of using exoskeletons by firefighters, identified and validated specific tasks suitable for exoskeleton-assisted performance, and developed recommendations for the equipment manufacturer. Research application field. The research findings should be applied through practical collaboration between fire services and manufacturers of specialized technical devices (exoskeletons), aiming to refine such equipment according to the specific operational needs of firefighters and to facilitate the adoption of advanced device models within emergency response units. Conclusions. The practical experimental research has resulted in the development of a conceptual framework for deploying specialized technical equipment (exoskeletons) to enhance the tactical capabilities of fire and rescue units.