Reproductive success in the anthropocene: A view through a One Health lens

Over the past century, the increasing human impact on the planet’s natural systems has been directly linked to the growing concern over biodiversity loss, and ultimately, human health. Reproduction, a critical factor underpinning species sustainability, is a complex and energetically demanding process that follows similar mechanisms across species. Further, it is one of the first biological functions to be altered in the event of ecosystem stress. The One Health paradigm, connecting humans, animals and plants to their environments, is a valuable framework for assessing the influence of anthropogenic changes on reproductive success across species. This review assesses the impacts of environmental pollution and climate change on the reproductive health of humans, animals and plants to better understand the broader scope of reproductive decline across the biodiversity spectrum, a fundamental step toward implementing One Reproductive Health objectives.