One health and ecosystem sustainability

The health of humans, animals, and the environment is deeply interconnected. Diseases that affect people often originate in animals, environmental degradation influences food and water security, and climate change alters ecosystems in ways that directly impact public health. In recent decades, scientists, governments, and international organizations have increasingly recognized that health cannot be understood in isolation. This understanding has given rise to the concept of “One Health,” an integrated approach that emphasizes collaboration across multiple disciplines to achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, plants, and ecosystems. At the same time, the idea of ecosystem sustainability has become central to global development and environmental protection. Ecosystem sustainability refers to the responsible management and conservation of natural systems so they can continue to provide essential services such as clean air, fertile soil, fresh water, climate regulation, and biodiversity. Sustainable ecosystems are necessary for the survival and well-being of all living organisms.