Performance of Concrete with Glass Powder, Stone Dust, and Waste Ceramic Tiles as Partial Replacements

This study evaluates concrete made with three waste-derived substitutions: glass powder (GP) as a partial cement replacement (0, 5, 10%), stone dust (SD) as a sand replacement (0, 10, 20%), and waste ceramic tiles (CT) as a coarse-aggregate replacement (0, 25, 50, 75%). A constant mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 and water- to-binder ratio of 0.45 were used, with 4×8 in. cylinders cast and tested at 28 days for compressive strength and unit weight. The control mix reached 7.85 MPa and 2094 kg/m3. Introducing GP at 10% and CT at 50% produced the highest strength, 11.20 MPa (≈43% above control). Strong performance was also observed for 5% GP + 20% SD + 25% CT (10.93 MPa, ≈39% above control). SD alone improved at 20% (8.49 MPa), but excessive fine/coarse replacement or certain combinations with GP reduced gains. Unit weight ranged from ≈1910–2178 kg/m3; mixes with 25–50% CT tended to be denser and often stronger, whereas 75% CT generally lowered both density and strength. Overall, moderate levels at 5–10% GP, 20% SD, and 25–50% CT, delivered the best balance of strength and density, demonstrating a practical route to performance and sustainability by reducing virgin material demand and diverting waste from landfills.