Case report reveals urinary balantidiasis alongside urinary tract tuberculosis in a unique patient, indicating a rare co-occurrence.
Balantidium coli, a largest protozoan, is a rare zoonotic disease in humans, predominantly detected in stool examination. We are presenting a case of incidentally detected urinary balantidiasis in a patient with genitourinary tract tuberculosis, which is the first case with such presentation.
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More et al. (2025) studied this question.
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