Research Progress of Bearing Test Machines for Special Conditions

Bearings are essential components in mechanical systems, with their performance being a key factor influencing the reliability and service life of machinery. Bearing test rigs, as critical equipment for evaluating bearing performance, simulate diverse operating conditions to investigate failure mechanisms and performance characteristics under practical applications. These evaluations offer crucial insights for optimizing bearing design and operational parameters. Specialized working environments, such as heavy-load conditions, deep-sea operations, space applications, and extreme high/low temperatures, impose stringent demands on bearing performance. Consequently, performance assessment and lifespan evaluation of bearings in these conditions have become focal points in the development of advanced bearing test rigs. This paper reviews the research progress of bearing test rigs under heavy load conditions, deep-sea environments, space environments, and high/low-temperature environments. It analyzes the characteristics of bearing test rigs under different environmental simulation technologies and provides an outlook on the research trends in this field, offering a solid foundation for technological advancements in related areas.