The CPT1 enzymes convert long chain (greater than ∼C12) acyl-CoA molecules to acylcarnitine derivatives to facilitate their transport from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix via the carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier (CACT; SLC25A20). The acylcarnitines are converted back to acyl-CoA by CPT2 to support the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) cycle in the mitochondria. CPT1s are allosterically inhibited by malonyl-CoA.
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Casals et al. (2025) studied this question.
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