This study seeks to redefine the concept and scope of security activities in South Korea, where legal and institutional definitions remain insufficiently articulated. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with eight security personnel employed across diverse settings—including residential complexes, educational institutions, hospitals, and industrial facilities—the research identifies eight core components of contemporary security work: patrol, CCTV monitoring, access control, inspection, portable equipment operation, order maintenance, customer assistance, and emergency response. These activities reflect a shift from traditional surveillance toward multifaceted functions encompassing risk prevention, public safety, and service facilitation. The findings demonstrate that the nature and emphasis of these tasks differ depending on the institutional context and work environment, thereby underscoring the dynamic and situationally adaptive role of modern security officers. By integrating empirical data with prior research, the study contributes to clarifying the practical boundaries of security work. It further provides foundational insights for revising legal definitions, enhancing training protocols, and improving operational manuals. Future research should investigate facility-specific security strategies, assess discrepancies between legal standards and field practices, and develop objective metrics for evaluating security service effectiveness.
Lee et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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