Multi-Objective Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch in Microgrids Incorporating Variable Energy Resources

With the continuous rise in energy consumption, there is an urgent need to implement sustainable practices that incorporate renewable energy sources (RES) such as solar and wind. While these resources are environmentally beneficial, their fluctuating nature makes optimal power dispatch a complex task, particularly in isolated microgrid environments. This research investigates the Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) problem using a three-unit configuration subjected to varying load demands. Four distinct operating cases are explored: Thermal-only, Thermal integrated with Wind, Thermal integrated with PV, and a combination of Thermal, Wind, and PV. To achieve reliable operation while minimizing both generation costs and harmful emissions, a weighted sum approach is employed in conjunction with the Fish Cutting Optimization Algorithm (FCOA). The methodology is modelled and simulated using MATLAB 2020 software. The proposed approach effectively handles operational limitations such as ramp rate constraints and thermal generator boundaries, and it demonstrates higher efficiency, robustness, and adaptability compared to conventional dispatch strategies.