Use of unmanned aircrafts in the information support system for search and rescue operations in the Republic of Tajikistan

Purpose. Timely detection of missing people in natural environment using remotely controlled aircrafts is currently considered a priority, compared to airplanes and helicopters, due to a number of specific and advantageous features, which include high efficiency, accessible control, accurate data collection and observation, saving search time and environmental friendliness. The authors present a method for calculating the optimal number of unmanned aircrafts (UA), which may be applied in the information support system for search and rescue operations using UA, including the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan. Methods. The probability theory method was used to calculate the optimal number of UAs. Findings. Taking into account the factors complicating the use of aviation for search and rescue operations, the advantages and prospects of using UAs for these purposes were identified. The developed mathematical model for assessing the required number of UAs, along with the functional decomposition of the support system for search and rescue operations, reveal new opportunities for increasing the efficiency of search and rescue operations and coordinating the rescuers’ actions. Research application field. The proposed mathematical model may be applied as an element of the information support system for search and rescue operations using UAs in the Republic of Tajikistan. Conclusions. An important step in improving search and rescue operations in the region could be establishing a single control center with the following key functions: monitoring and managing UAs, coordinating the actions of means and forces, recording and analyzing information as well as ensuring communication. Particular attention should be paid to teaching UA operators, conducting joint training and exercises of various services as key activities for the successful operation of the control center and optimizing the coordination of SRO.