Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of centr ifugation protocols for pre-treatment of sperm

In modern animal husbandry, reproductive biotechnologies such as artificial insemination (AI) play a key role in increasing productivity and improving the genetic potential of farm animals. AI allows not only to use agricultural material issued by producers in a larger amount of the male animal as efficiently as possible, but also to reduce the risk of spreading sexually transmitted diseases. The success of AI is largely determined by the quality of the sperm used, which depends on the methods of processing and storing the ejaculate. Among the existing methods of sperm selection, centrifugation occupies one of the leading places. This method is based on the separation of the power components of the ejaculate under the influence of centrifugal. As an example of centrifugation, two main combinations were found: standard and colloidal centrifugation. Standard centrifugation is a single separation of the ejaculate components, with this centrifugation mode under transformations in accordance with the species characteristics of spermatozoa: 200-400 rpm for 5-12 min for rodents, 720 rpm for 5 min for dogs, 2400 rpm for 5 min for stallions, 5000 rpm for 5 min for bulls, 3000 rpm for 3 minutes for goats, 2400 rpm for 3 minutes for boars. Colloid centrifugation involves the use of special colloidal solutions (Percolltm, Isolate®, Porcicoll®, Bovicoll®, Equipure Bottom Layer®, PureSperm®) for more effective separation of spermatozoa formed with morphological and functional forms. Colloid centrifugation allows you to obtain higher quality ejaculate, since it can separate not only seminal plasma, but also defective, low-motility spermatozoa, as well as cells with damaged DNA.