SRTM and GIS-Based Geomorphic Analysis of Tons River Basin: A Geographical Case Study

Tons River Basin is approximately 16,860 sqkm in extent and 264 km in length; It is situated in the Kaimur Range (Upper Vindhyan) at an elevation of 610 meters. The morphometric features were used to conduct a quantitative analysis of the Tons River basin's evolution. Data from SRTM, DEM, and Lands are used to generate the drainage network. Upstream in the drainage basin, the trellis pattern is more prominent, whereas in the middle and downstream, the dendritic pattern is more prevalent. Based on the drainage density, it appears that the basin has a subsurface that is permeable and is covered in dense vegetation. With a smaller drainage area, a larger form factor value indicates a higher flow peak. Results from the Tons River Basin's relief ratio and roughness number show that the soil is easily washed away. According to the results of the present investigation, the Tons River Basin has a low risk of flooding, a low rate of soil erosion, and an abundant supply of surface water. This study has the potential to improve water resource use and pave the way for future growth in the Tons River basin. Finding a connection between the hydrologic characteristics of the basin and morphometric drainage parameters was the goal of these GIS-based studies. Therefore, the present investigation aims to hydrologically characterise the Tons River Basin and quantify its morphometric features (linear, areal, and relief aspects). Basin management, soil and water resource planning, and other related fields can benefit from this helpful data.