Hepatocellular carcinoma: modern aspects of interdisciplinary management. Part 1. Epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common variant of primary liver cancer, characterized by high mortality and unfavorable prognosis. Global incidence and mortality from HCC continue to rise despite progress in the treatment of viral hepatitis due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associa­ted steatotic liver disease and obesity. Based on the analysis of lite­rature sources from the Pubmed, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, Embase databases, the review summarizes current data on the epidemiology, key risk factors, pathogenesis and molecular classification of HCC. Special attention is paid to modern approaches to diagnosis, in particular imaging methods, the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System, the role of non-invasive biomarkers and morphological verification. The importance of screening programs in high-risk groups and timely interdisciplinary interaction is emphasized, which allows optimizing the strategy of patient management in accordance with international clinical guidelines.