Scientific activity as a factor determining structural shifts in the economy

Aim. The purpose of the work is to study the changes in the structure of the economy during the fifth scientific and technological revolution, to identify the elements that accelerate the pace of economic growth in the country. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of economic theory and statistics. The methods of analysis, comparison, generalization and interpretation of the research results are applied. Results. The study identifies interrelated factors characterizing the knowledge society, revealing the trend of economic development: the rapidly increasing role of knowledge in all fields of activity; the development of research institutes and the growth of the use of scientific knowledge, the introduction of advanced technologies into production processes and their effective functioning; the economic potential of the process of digitalization of companies, contributing to the achievement of a new level of productivity; the development of infrastructure to preserve and transfer knowledge. Research implications. The importance of the scientific and technological revolution is revealed, which undoubtedly affects the change in resources, the material and technical working conditions of workers, the change in the role and place of man in production processes and structural shifts in the economy.