Physical properties of the CaF2–P2O5:MoO3 glass system

In this study, ternary glass samples with the composition CaF2–P2O5:MoO3 were prepared by the conventional melt-quenching method, and their physical properties were investigated. The structural characteristics were examined using X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the amorphous nature of the prepared samples. The densities were determined experimentally using Archimedes' principle. The obtained density and molar volume values were further employed to calculate various physical parameters such as dopant ion concentration, interionic distances, polaron radius, and field strength. Molar and electronic polarizabilities, oxygen packing density, optical band gap, and the metallization criterion were evaluated from the measured refractive indices using the Dimitrov-Komatsu polarizability approach. The results indicate that the incorporation of molybdenum oxide increases chemical durability and density while reducing molar volume. The prepared glasses exhibit metallization parameter values below unity, suggesting reduced insulating behavior.