Beyond the Literal: An AI-Driven Connotative and Cultural Discourse Analysis of Florante at Laura

Florante at Laura, the magnum opus of Francisco Balagtas, remains a cornerstone of Philippine literature, embodying the richness of language, values, and cultural heritage. Prescribed by the Department of Education as a Grade 8 core text, this 19th-century metrical romance continues to shape students’ appreciation of classical works. This study aims to deepen learners’ understanding of Florante at Laura by uncovering the connotative meanings within its verses. Beyond literal interpretation, it employs Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to analyze selected chapters, stanzas, and lines, revealing symbolism, emotions, and cultural references often overlooked in traditional readings. Through AI-enhanced linguistic and semantic analysis, the research identifies nuanced interpretations such as implicit social commentaries, allegorical depictions of justice and morality, and subtle portrayals of love and patriotism—hallmarks of Balagtas’ artistry. This approach not only supports teachers in delivering more engaging lessons but also enables students to recognize the historical and socio-political undertones that influenced the text. By merging classical literary study with modern technology, the study makes Florante at Laura more accessible and relevant to contemporary learners. Ultimately, findings highlight the potential of AI in enriching literature education, enhancing interpretive skills, and fostering cultural literacy. By unveiling hidden connotative layers, the study reaffirms the poem’s enduring significance as a reflection of Filipino identity, struggles, and ideals, bridging the past with the present in meaningful ways.