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Research demonstrates the firing behaviors of two clay types in various temperatures, suggesting practical applications.
The ceramic-technological properties of clay from the Ozernianske deposit in the Ternopil region were studied to determine its potential for use in the manufacturing technologies of ceramic products for various purposes. The clay is represented by two lithogenic layers, yellow and grey, that differ significantly in their carbonate impurity content. It is classified as a low-fusibility, highly sandy clay raw material of hydromica composition. The low content of Al2O3 results in a narrow firing temperature range, while the presence of carbonate inclusions causes intensive gas release, leading to bloating of the products at temperatures above 10500C. A comparative analysis of the liquid-phase sintering processes of the ceramic body was carried out, based on changes in the structural viscosity of the masses. It was found that intensive melting of the ceramic matrix begins at temperatures above 8000C. In the range of 900–10000C, the sintering process slows down due to saturation of the melt with amorphous residues of clay minerals and fine-grained quartz. Throughout the entire temperature range, the structural viscosity of the grey clay remains higher than that of the yellow clay, indicating their differing thermal behavior. Trends in water absorption, compressive strength, and flexural strength of the test specimens were analyzed as a function of the maximum firing temperature. The results provide grounds for recommending clay from the Ozernianske deposit as a raw material suitable for the production of building ceramics, provided that its batch composition is properly adjusted.
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Боровець et al. (2025) studied this question.
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