Bioresources in the transformation of Ukraineʼs energy system

The growing volatility of global energy prices increases energy insecurity in importing countries, necessitating the development of adaptive strategies that consider local resource potential. In Ukraine, which is facing the consequences of war and partial destruction of its energy infrastructure, the development of bioenergy has become particularly relevant as an alternative path to strengthening energy security. The hypothesis of the research assumes that rising global prices for conventional energy carriers enhance the economic feasibility of local bioenergy projects, provided there is a sufficient resource base, regional support mechanisms, and effective tariff regulation. The research methodology is based on a combination of comparative analysis, expert assessments, a cost-element approach to energy pricing, and indicative ranking of biofuel alternatives using techno-economic criteria: cost, calorific value, profitability, and payback period. Using the Polissia region as a case study, the paper evaluates the potential of wood-based, agricultural, and peat biomass. The findings reveal that baled straw and wood chips are the most balanced heat sources in terms of cost-effectiveness, availability, and supply stabi­lity. A technical and economic comparison of various energy sources is provided, and key barriers to scaling bioenergy solutions are identified. Particular attention is paid to limi­tations in the current tariff policy and investment incentives. The research results are relevant for shaping regional energy transition strategies, supporting investment initiatives in the rene­wable energy sector, and advancing national decarbonization goals. Bioenergy is therefore positioned as a critical component of Ukraineʼs pathway toward energy autonomy and sustai­nable economic development in the context of global energy price fluctuations