Expression of Estrogen Receptors (ER), Progesterone Receptors (PR) and Human Epidermal Growth factor Receptor2(HER2/neu) in Endometrial carcinoma and their correlation with histopathological type, grade and stage

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is influenced by estrogen and progesterone, with their receptors playing pivotal roles in tumor pathogenesis and therapeutic response. Objective: Hormonal receptor expression is linked to tumor differentiation and response to hormone therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and HER2/neu in endometrial carcinoma and their correlations with histological type, grade, and FIGO stage, identifying patients potentially benefiting from hormone therapy. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 31 histologically confirmed cases of endometrial carcinoma. Clinicopathological data were collected, and immunohistochemistry was performed to assess ER, PR, and HER2/neu expression. Statistical tests were used to evaluate associations with tumor characteristics and disease staging. Results: The mean age of patients was 57.87 ± 8.91 years, with 45.2% aged ≥60 years. Postmenopausal bleeding (80.6%) was the most common symptom, and diabetes mellitus (83.9%) and hypertension (48.4%) were frequent comorbidities. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma (58.06%) was the most common subtype, and deep myometrial invasion was observed in 54.8%. ER and PR positivity rates were 51.6% and 48.4%, respectively, with significant co-expression (p < 0.001). Both markers were strongly associated with type I and grade 2 tumors but showed no significant correlation with FIGO stage. HER2/neu expression was rare (3.2%). Conclusion: ER and PR expression were significantly associated with favorable histological types and grades, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for hormone therapy in endometrial carcinoma. Further studies with larger cohorts are recommended to validate these findings. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2025;51(1):39-45