Metabolic and Anthropometric Predictors of Cardiovascular Risk in Infertility in the Context of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective of the study – to identify metabolic and anthropometric predictors of cardiovascular risk in women with infertility in the context of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to assess the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on the severity of metabolic disturbances.Material and Methods: A total of 120 reproductive-age women were examined: main group – PCOS+MetS (n=46), comparison group – PCOS without MetS (n=44), and control group – tubal factor infertility (n=30). Anthropometric parameters (BMI, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio), blood pressure, and laboratory markers (fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, and atherogenic index) were assessed. Statistical analysis evaluated significant differences between groups.Results: Women with PCOS+MS had significantly higher insulin (18.6±6.2 μIU/mL), HOMA-IR (4.8±1.9), fasting glucose (5.9±0.8 mmol/L), systolic (129.9±8.7 mmHg) and diastolic BP (85.4±5.1 mmHg), waist circumference (98.3±12.8 cm), and atherogenic index (5.89±2.22) compared to PCOS without MS and controls (p<0.05). The PCOS without MS group had intermediate values, significantly differing from controls, indicating that metabolic status influences cardiometabolic risk. Conclusions: The coexistence of PCOS and MS is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and elevated blood pressure, creating a high cardiovascular risk. Assessment of anthropometric and laboratory markers enables timely identification of high-risk patients, optimizing infertility management and preventing metabolic and cardiovascular complications.