Explicating Bacterial Detoxification of Textile Azo dye Acid Red-88 by Acute Toxicity in Danio rerio, Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity and Phytotoxicity Studies

The discharge of toxic effluents from various textile industries adversely affects the water resources, soil fertility, aquatic organisms, and ecosystem integrity. Toxic effluents containing azo dyes are discharged from various industries, and they adversely affect water resources, soil fertility, aquatic organisms, and ecosystem integrity. They pose toxicity (lethal effect, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity) to plants, aquatic organisms, as well as animals. Considering the potential applications of bioremediation processes in wastewater treatment, the present investigation targets the complete detoxification of Acid Red-88 by acute toxicity in Danio rerio, genotoxicity in Allium cepa, cytotoxicity in CHO cell lines, and phytotoxicity studies on Macrotyloma uniflorum and Sorghum vulgare. The study further emphasizes the urgent need for sustainable treatment strategies to minimize the ecological footprint of industrial effluents. It also highlights the role of biological indicators in assessing environmental safety. Moreover, the findings are expected to contribute towards developing eco-friendly methods for azo dye degradation. Ultimately, this research aims to provide a scientific basis for integrating bioremediation into large-scale wastewater management systems.