Optimization of Business Oriented Systems of the Enterprise in the Contex of Digital Trasformation

The network transformation of socio-economic relations in the context of post-industrial development has generated a steady trend towards the digitalization of organizational, managerial, and economic activities in business structures. This study aims to determine the essential characteristics and organizational and technological prerequisites for the digitalization of business processes in telecommunications enterprises within the framework of implementing a sustainable smart development strategy. The research identifies a set of eleven key digital technologies used by telecommunications enterprises to optimize business processes. These technologies are classified into three technological development stages: automation, virtualization, and smartization. A chronological wave model of the digitalization process is developed, comprising four successive waves. Each wave reflects the dynamics of the diffusion of digital innovations, typically spanning 9–10 years, except for the fourth wave, which accelerated significantly due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and external crisis factors, including the full-scale war in Ukraine. The research highlights that digitalization decisions at large and medium-sized enterprises are driven by proactive monitoring of technological trends to maintain competitive advantages, while small enterprises tend to adopt innovations during the phase of mass diffusion. The study also reveals critical barriers to effective digital transformation, including a shortage of qualified specialists in CRM and ERP deployment, limited expertise in content management, digital marketing, and AI-based customer service tools. Based on the findings, strategic directions are proposed to enhance the digital maturity of telecommunications enterprises, focusing on technological infrastructure development and improving employees’ digital competencies.