Comparison of therapeutic effects between transabdominal robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy

Objective Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy is increasingly being performed; however, its benefits compared with those of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy remain controversial. This study aimed to compare the differences between robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in the treatment of renal tumors. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 74 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy between January 2022 and February 2024. Of these, 68 patients with a postoperative pathological diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma and complete clinical data were included. Clinical, perioperative, and follow-up data were collected to compare the therapeutic outcomes between the robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy groups. Results The average warm ischemia time was significantly shorter in the robot-assisted partial nephrectomy group (18.80 ± 3.49 vs. 21.02 ± 3.68 min, p = 0.044), with lesser intraoperative blood loss (15.47 ± 6.91 vs. 74.06 ± 112.60 mL, p = 0.049). The positive surgical margin rates in the robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy groups were 0% and 1.89%, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.592). No patients experienced complications greater than Clavien–Dindo grade III. Conclusion Compared with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for renal tumors results in a shorter warm ischemia time and reduced intraoperative blood loss.