Port Site Hernia After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Rare but Serious Complication

Background: Port-site hernia (PSH) is a rare but potentially serious complication following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which can lead to obstruction, incarceration, or strangulation, undermining the benefits of minimally invasive surgery. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of port-site hernia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to identify preventive strategies. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2023, enrolling 120 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Demographic, clinical, and operative variables were recorded. PSH occurrence was assessed clinically and radiologically at 1, 3, and 6 months. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26; multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors. Result: PSH occurred in 9 patients (7.5%), predominantly at the umbilical port (77.8%). Significant risk factors included BMI ≥30 kg/m² (OR 4.35, p=0.006), port site extension (OR 3.89, p=0.021), non-closure of fascial defect (OR 6.75, p=0.001), and postoperative wound infection (OR 4.42, p=0.040). Surgical repair achieved favorable outcomes with no recurrence at six months. Conclusion: PSH is uncommon but preventable. Obesity, prolonged surgery, port extension, and fascial non-closure are major risk factors. Careful port management and meticulous fascial closure are essential to minimize morbidity and preserve the advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.