Pattern of Menstrual Disorders Among Women Attending a Gynecology Outpatient Department

Background: Menstrual disorders significantly affect women’s reproductive health, leading to anemia, infertility, and psychological distress, yet remain underdiagnosed in low- and middle-income countries including Bangladesh. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of menstrual disorders among women attending the gynecology outpatient department, with emphasis on demographic, clinical, and biochemical variables influencing menstrual abnormalities. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Ibn Sina and Al-Manar Hospital Ltd., between December 2016 to February 2018. Eighty-eight patients presenting with menstrual complaints were recruited. Clinical examinations, hematological investigations, and hormonal assays (TSH, FSH, LH, prolactin) were performed. Data was analyzed using SPSS with chi-square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression for statistical significance. Results: Among 88 patients, mean age was 28.6 ± 6.3 years. Menorrhagia was the most prevalent disorder (34.1%), followed by oligomenorrhea (22.7%), dysmenorrhea (18.2%), amenorrhea (13.6%), and polymenorrhea (11.4%). Mean hemoglobin was 10.2 ± 1.8 g/dL; anemia prevalence was higher in menorrhagia cases (78.3%, p=0.001). Mean BMI was 26.3 ± 4.2 kg/m², significantly elevated in oligomenorrhea (p=0.032). Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 15.9%, predominantly hypothyroidism, strongly associated with amenorrhea (p=0.014). PCOS features were present in 18.1%, significantly correlated with oligomenorrhea (p=0.004). Logistic regression revealed age >30 years (OR=2.45, CI=1.13–5.29, p=0.021) and BMI >25 (OR=3.12, CI=1.41–6.88, p=0.007) as independent predictors of menstrual disorders. Conclusion: Menstrual disorders are highly prevalent among reproductive-aged women, significantly associated with anemia, obesity, thyroid dysfunction, and PCOS. Targeted screening and early interventions in OPD settings are essential to reduce morbidity.