Dyslipidemia in Pre-Eclampsia: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study

Introduction: A significant association exists between maternal lipid derangements and pre-eclampsia. Women with pre-eclampsia show altered lipid profiles compared to normotensive women. Improving the lipid profile may reduce the occurrence of pre-eclampsia and related feta-maternal morbidity. Objective: To determine lipid profile abnormalities among women with preeclampsia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done at a tertiary care hospital for a one-year period from 02.01.2023 to 1.1.2024. All women above 20 weeks of pregnancy who had preeclampsia and those with singleton pregnancies who were willing to participate in the research were included using the non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Approximately 5 mL of venous blood was taken after a 12-hour fast and sent for a lipid profile. SPSS version 26 was used for statistics. Results: Of 200 women, 36.7% presented with severe pre-eclampsia, while 63.3% had mild pre-eclampsia. The frequency of dyslipidemia among women with pre-eclampsia was found to be 24.2 %. Mean serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triacyl glycerides (TAG) levels are significantly increased in women with severe pre-eclampsia(p=0.0001). Women with severe pre-eclampsia have lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels than those with mild disease, but this difference is not statistically significant (p=0.51). Additionally, a significant positive correlation exists between lipid profile abnormalities, elevated body mass index (BMI), and the severity of pre-eclampsia. Conclusion: There is a positive association between abnormalities in lipid profiles, high BMI, and the severity of pre-eclampsia.