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November 21, 2025BuildingsOpen Access

Using Vacuum Mixing for 3D Printing of Mortars Made with Recycled Sand

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Authors

EKEliane KhouryKEKhadija El-CheikhGSGeert De Schutter

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Overview

Experimental analysis shows recycled concrete aggregates enhance workability but lower compressive strength, indicating mixed potential for mortars.

Key Points

  • Mortars with recycled concrete aggregates showed decreased compressive strength compared to natural sand mixtures, suggesting careful formulation is critical.
  • Recycled aggregates exhibited increased porosity and a complex pore size distribution, indicating changes in material characteristics.
  • Assessment utilizing mercury intrusion porosimetry provided insights into the porosity levels, highlighting differences between mortar types.
  • Using vacuum mixing significantly reduced air content in both mortar types, improving workability and printability of the materials.

Cite This Study

Khoury et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6924e3e6c0ce034ddc34ec02https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15234217
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Performance evaluation of cement mortar made of different types of recycled sand2026
  2. 2Influence of the recycled sand on the cement mortars2024 · 2 citations
  3. 3Technical Properties and Sustainable Reuse of Recycled Excavation Materials as Natural Sand Replacement in Cement Mortar2026
  4. 4Study on the Effects of Nozzle Proximal Carbonation Mixing and Vacuum Dewatering on the Printability and Mechanical Properties of the 3D Printed Construction Mortar2025
  5. 5Behavior of the use of fine recycled concrete aggregates on rheological parameters and hardened mortar properties2024 · 2 citations