Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Inhospital Morbidity and Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains one of the leading causes of illness and death worldwide. Inflammation plays a crucial role in its pathophysiology. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), an easily obtainable biomarker from routine blood tests, has emerged as a potential indicator of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk. This study investigates the potential of the PLR as a predictor of in-hospital complications and mortality in patients with AMI. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients diagnosed with either ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction were enrolled based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were categorized into three groups: low-PLR (110.38 ± 17.24), mid-PLR (214.5 ± 50.76), and high-PLR (304.22 ± 53.64). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-23.0. Results: The study observed that patients with higher PLR had significantly higher inhospital mortality (20.58% in the high PLR group versus 3.12% in the low PLR group; P = 0.0377). Higher PLR was also associated with a greater incidence of complications such as acute kidney injury/Shock (44.11%), Bradyarrhythmia (23.52%), and acute MR (29.41%). ( P = 0.0127). Conclusions: Higher PLR levels are notably associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes during hospital stays for individuals suffering from AMI. As a cost-effective, non-invasive, and easily accessible marker, PLR shows promise in early risk stratification and prognosis assessment for AMI.