Adiposity-lipid-glycemic clusters as potential warning signals of bone mass reduction in Asia’s largest urban communities – based bone health assessment via ultrasound

This study found a high prevalence of bone mass reduction among Chinese adults aged 30-59 years. FMI and age showed significant associations with reduced bone mass. Furthermore, even when HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, and HbA1c were near the reference limits but within normal ranges, their variations were associated with bone mass reduction, which may serve as an early warning indicator. These results underscore the potential utility of community-based bone health monitoring and offer epidemiological insights for comparable aging populations.