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This research aims to examine the prevalence of osteoporosis and its association with body mass index (BMI) among urban elderly in China.

April 26, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

The obesity paradox in bone health: high prevalence of osteoporosis and its non-linear association with BMI among urban elderly in China

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Cross-sectional study reveals non-linear relationship between BMI and osteoporosis in urban elderly, suggesting optimal weight management is vital.

This research aims to examine the prevalence of osteoporosis and its association with body mass index (BMI) among urban elderly in China.
Community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 6,496 elderly residents in Jiangling Sub-district, Suzhou.
Bone mineral density measured using portable dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (pDXA).
Multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify osteoporosis risk factors.
Overall prevalence of osteoporosis was 46.7%, higher in women (65.8%) than men (23.2%).
Obesity was identified as an independent risk factor (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.84–2.59), while overweight showed a protective effect (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.60–0.80).
Markedly higher prevalence of osteoporosis was observed in the obese group (63.3%) compared to other BMI categories.

Li et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Cross-sectional study reveals non-linear relationship between BMI and osteoporosis in urban elderly, suggesting optimal weight management is vital.