What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to evaluate the impact of incorporating groundwater recharge into hydrological model calibration.

Enhancing physically based and distributed hydrological model calibration through internal state variable constraints

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This evaluation reveals adding groundwater recharge constraints enhances model performance and captures interflow in hydrology.

This research aims to evaluate the impact of incorporating groundwater recharge into hydrological model calibration.
Evaluated three model configurations: streamflow-only calibration, physical groundwater model, and groundwater recharge calibration.
Applied models to 34 catchments in Southern Québec.
Assessed performance using Kling-Gupta Efficiency for streamflow and spatial groundwater recharge estimates.
Calibration primarily on streamflow yielded high KGE values but misrepresented subsurface processes.
Integrating groundwater recharge constraints reduced KGE for streamflow but improved overall hydrological variable representation.
Groundwater recharge constraints enhanced model performance, particularly in seasonal runoff during snowmelt.

Talbot et al. (2025) studied this question.

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