Analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of the Shijiazhuang area, China, based on the HadGEM2-ES climate model

Global climate change and human activities have a profound impact on the water cycle. As one of the important driving factors of the hydrological cycle, climate change will affect the regional land surface hydrological processes and characteristics. In this study, the daily rainfall, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature data of 16 stations in Shijiazhuang from 1960 to 2050 were used to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of various stress factors in the historical period (1960–2022) and the future period (2023–2050) by linear regression, the Mann–Kendall test and wavelet analysis, and the trend and periodicity of regional climate evolution were discussed. The results show that the annual average rainfall, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature in the Shijiazhuang area from 1960 to 2050 show a weak increasing trend. By analyzing the data of 2030, 2040, and 2050, it is found that the spatial variation of annual average rainfall in the Shijiazhuang area at different time points shows the characteristics of increasing from southeast to northwest, and the rainfall center will shift from the eastern North China Plain to the western Taihang Mountains.