An Indirect Method for Accurate Identification of Short-Pitch Rail Corrugation Using Vehicle Interior Noise and Vibration Measurements and Train–Track Transfer Functions

Short-pitch rail corrugation is commonly found at curves or resilient track structures of the metro system, causing fatigue failure of key components of the train–track system. Currently, rail corrugation is detected via routine inspections during the possession period, with the compromise between inspection efficiency and data accuracy. A newly proposed indirect diagnosis method for rail corrugation has been proposed. Rail corrugation dynamic characteristics and location can be quantitatively identified by measuring train vehicle interior noise and vibration response of a running train under the normal operation conditions, without requiring track access, together with transfer functions—including receptance and accelerance of the wheel–rail system. This indirect method has been applied to and tested on a rail track section with severe corrugation at curves. Results from the indirect diagnosis method are then compared against direct rail roughness measurement using a standard Corrugation Analysis Trolley. Good agreements of peak magnitudes and corresponding frequency bands have been achieved. The indirect method has been successfully validated and can be used to assist track maintenances.