Engineering Parameter Design for CO2 Geological Storage: Research Progress and Case Analyses

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a critical technology for promoting carbon reduction and achieving the carbon neutrality goal. As a vital component of CCS projects, the injection process makes it especially important to clarify wellsite layout methods, wellbore parameters, and injection parameters for the safe and efficient storage of CO2. This article presents a survey of engineering parameter design in typical domestic and international comprehensively compares and analyzes multi-dimensional parameters under different storage conditions such as saline aquifers and basalt, and clarifies the basic adaptation logic that storage types determine engineering parameters, the requirement that engineering designs should be formulated according to reservoir characteristics, and the need for dynamic adjustment of engineering parameters based on actual conditions. Meanwhile, the paper identifies various challenges, including geological hazards in wellsite selection, wellbore corrosion risks, loss of control over injection pressure, and storage safety, corrosion risks, and CO2 leakage risks caused by thermodynamic phase transitions. It puts forward suggestions such as risk prevention and control strategies, wellbore integrity guarantee systems, injection optimization methods, and leakage prevention and control systems, providing a basis for the engineering design and safety assessment of CCS projects.