Thermophoretic-Brownian Synergy in MHD Nanofluid Boundary Layers: Numerical Investigation of Enhanced Heat Transfer Mechanisms over Stretching Surfaces

This paper investigates heat and mass transfer phenomena in an electrically conducting nanofluid flow over a heated stretching sheet, incorporating complex thermal dynamics including heat generation/absorption, thermophoresis, and chemical reaction effects. By employing appropriate similarity transformation techniques, the governing equations for momentum, thermal energy, and nanoparticle concentration are transformed and then numerically solved using a fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta method. The research comprehensively analyzes the physical implications of key parameters through graphical representations. Specifically, the study examines the influences of radiation, thermophoretic number, and Brownian parameter on critical fluid characteristics. Key findings reveal that increasing radiation intensifies surface heat flux, consequently elevating the nanofluid temperature within the thermal boundary layer. Additionally, the results demonstrate that while increasing thermophoretic and Brownian parameters enhance the Nusselt number, they simultaneously reduce the Sherwood number. Graphical representations of the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number further illuminate the intricate heat and mass transfer mechanisms in this complex nanofluid system.