Review finds probiotics and intestinal microbiota regulation improve health in bullfrogs, suggesting sustainable aquatic farming practices.
Bullfrogs ( Aquarana catesbeiana ) are an important aquaculture species worldwide. However, diseases have caused significant losses to the bullfrog industry. Given the crucial role of the intestinal microbiota (IM) in bullfrog growth, nutrition, immunity, and health, as well as the potential of probiotics and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) to regulate intestinal health, this review systematically examines common bullfrog diseases and IM structure. This includes pathogenic bacterial species and their effects, the composition of probiotics and opportunistic pathogens, and the factors influencing the IM structure. Additionally, this review explored the effects of probiotics and CHM on the IM of bullfrogs. Using probiotics, CHM, and other strategies to improve the structure of IM can effectively prevent and control opportunistic infections and promote the sustainable development of bullfrog aquaculture. This review will be valuable for understanding the role of IM in promoting bullfrog growth and preventing disease outbreaks. This highlights the importance of regulating IM during the culture process to prevent outbreaks of bullfrog diseases.
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Li et al. (2025) studied this question.
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