Systematic review identifies built environment factors affecting blood pressure and cardiometabolic risk in longitudinal studies, suggesting implications for urban planning.
This review provides evidence for the role of the built environment in shaping CMR over time, particularly blood pressure and HbA1c, dependent on BE feature. Greater availability of green/open space environment and healthful food environment were reliably associated with a lesser progression of CMR. Evidence for walkability was inconsistent.
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Feyissa et al. (2025) studied this question.
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