Understanding the Risks and Benefits of Implementing AI-Enabled Remote Patient Monitoring Systems for Disease Management

Effectively managing risk is essential for fostering innovation in healthcare, especially with advancements like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). These technologies aim to enhance accessibility, efficiency, and equity in healthcare delivery. To assess the practical utility of AI-enabled remote patient monitoring (RPM) devices, it is crucial to identify and evaluate associated risks while distinguishing between acceptable risk, which society tolerates, and optimal risk, which balances risk reduction costs with benefits. This paper outlines how policymakers should adopt the framework of optimal risk to ensure patient safety while maximizing the advantages of these technologies.