Addressing Frequency Stability in Islanded Microgrids with Multi-VSGs: A Review of Control Strategies

With increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control is playing an increasingly vital role in islanded microgrids’ frequency stabilization. However, frequency stability becomes a critical challenge when multiple VSGs operate in parallel within an islanded microgrid. This paper conducts in-depth research on frequency stability control in islanded microgrids with multi-VSGs. The prevailing frequency modeling approaches and underlying mechanisms of frequency instability are analyzed. Furthermore, both conventional and emerging machine learning-based frequency stability control strategies are comprehensively surveyed. Finally, potential research directions are outlined to facilitate future advancements.